Save your final year project.Share your knowledge.

Rashida SABO, Nursing Science - Aliko Dangote College of Nursing Sciences, 2024

The research work was carried out in yana community, shira L.G.A, Bauchi state. It was based on perceived impact of early marriage among teenage Girls in Yana community,shira L.G.A, Bauchi state. The aim of these study is to find out the Perceived impact of early marriage among teenage women in yana. Three (3) objectives were formulated with three corresponding research questions. The objectives were to find out the perceived factor contributing to early marriage among teenage Girls in Yana community; to identify the Perceived impacts of early marriage among teenage Girls in Yana community; to suggest the various strategies of preventing early marriage among teenage Girls in Yana community. A descriptive survey design was used. The result of the findings revealed that complications of pregnancy and childbirth such as increase rate of maternal and neonatal morbidity accounting for(3.2) and mortality and health conditions such as vesicovaginal fistula of rectovaginal fistula accounting for(3.1) are the main cause of death among adolescent girls in developing countries, low educational level and absence of law accounting for (2.8) and extreme poverty accounting for (3.3) may make daughters an economic burden on their family which may be relieved by their early marriage, child marriage threatens the health and lives of girls, prevention of early marriage are parent/guardians that account for (3.2) who are in close contact with the child to supervise her behavior and the company she keeps. In Conclusion Base on the findings in this research, it has been concluded that low educational level and absence of law is the main Perceived factor that contribute to early marriage among other factors with depression, anxiety, worries, increase rate of maternal morbidity and mortality.

Auwal Abdulmalik MUHAMMAD, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

Digital eye strain is a public health problem. It is the number one occupational hazard of the 21st century. It causes considerable reduction in productivity in working environment. In today’s world, the use of smartphone is a necessity for majority of people, but not many of them consider the medical consequences of using smartphones.15 The aim of this work was to assess the knowledge, attitude and prevention practices on the use of mobile phone light among ABU students. A cross-sectional study was conducted in May, 2023 using a multi-stage sampling method to select 153 students of ABU, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Data were collected with the aid of an adapted, pre-tested, structured, self-administered questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using SPSS and Microsoft excel statistical software. The results were presented in frequency tables. The Chi-square test was used to assess the associations between categorical variables. The level of significance was set at <5% Up to 61.4% of the respondents were within the age group 21 and 25 years. A total of 75.8% of the respondents had good knowledge of digital eye strain, with a mean score of 1.71. Another 66% of the respondents followed healthy practices regarding digital eye strain, with a mean score of 0.66. However, the attitude was negative among majority of the respondents, as only 34% of the respondents had positive attitude towards digital eye strain. The study indicates that despite the good level of knowledge and healthy practices regarding digital eye strain among ABU students, majority of them still have negative attitude towards digital eye strain. Educational strategies to raise awareness on digital eye strain were recommended.

Idris Muhammad YAHAYA, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2023

HBV is one of the most prevalent and a serious Global public Health problem, affecting more than 2 billion people Worldwide with more than 350 million people approximately infected with chronic infection. Hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are the three main blood-borne infections associated with occupational exposure in the health-care and laboratory setting and remain a significant burden to HCW. This study aimed to assess the Knowledge, attitude and practices of HBV PEP among Health Workers of ABUTH, Shika, Zaria.

Mistura Ayo-Ola MAHMUD , Agricultural Education - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

This study investigates the perceptions of crop farmers in Sabon Gari Local Government Area, Kaduna State, regarding the impact of digital technology on agricultural productivity and income. With the rapid advancement of digital tools in agriculture, including precision farming, mobile applications, and digital marketplaces, the potential for enhancing productivity and income has never been greater. However, challenges such as limited infrastructure, digital literacy, and cost barriers continue to impede widespread adoption. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 148 crop farmers, assessing their awareness, adoption, and perceived impacts of digital technology on farming practices. The study reveals that while many farmers recognize the benefits of digital tools in optimizing resources and improving crop yields, adoption remains low due to high costs and limited access to necessary technologies. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve infrastructure, provide affordable digital tools, and enhance training programs. These measures could help to increase the adoption of digital technology and thereby improve the productivity and income of farmers in the region.

Mahdiya Oyiza, SALIHU, Nursing Science - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

Menstruation is the cyclical discharge of blood, secretions, and tissue debris from the uterus that recurs in nonpregnant breeding-age primate females. Menstrual hygiene and management, in females, is the act of using a clean absorbent material to collect menstrual blood, with adequate privacy to change at any time, use of soap and water for handwashing, as well as disposing used pads safely and conveniently in the environment. The issue of menstrual hygiene among adolescent female students is one that has plagued public health for a long time. This resesrch study aimed to assess the attitude and practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescent females of a secondary school. The study is a cross-sectional design type with a simple random sampling of the probability sampling method used to obtain the sample size. A total population of 543 female secondary students, with a sample size of 230 was used in the study. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, a response rate of 77.4% (178) was gotten and it was analyzed using the descriptive statistics method. Analysis of the data revealed that female students of Demonstration Secondary School have good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene, with a 62.8% overall percentage of positive response, good attitude with a positive mean of 3.3, and moderate practice with 71.3% majority score of 4-6 out of 10 identified correct options of practice from the questionnaire distributed. The challenges identified in managing menstruation in school by adolescent females of Demonstration secondary school includes insufficient disposal methods, inadequate availability of soap and water for handwashing, and unsanitary conditions in changing areas. The study recommended that federal and state government bodies develop policies that cater to the reproductive health of the girl child in schools and sanction schools which are found wanting in any aspect of the policy.

Abdulmalik, IBN YUSUF, Chemical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

This research focused on the modelling and simulation of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification plant using DWSIM software to optimize energy use and improve efficiency. The problem addressed was the energy-intensive nature of LNG regasification and the need for optimizing its processes. The methodology involved developing a process flow diagram using methane as the LNG component and integrating an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for power generation. The system was simulated under varying pressures to analyze its energy consumption. Findings revealed that increasing pressure significantly raises energy demands, with energy consumption for regasification rising from 35,440.2 kW at 60 bar to 98,807.08 kW at 90 bar. The integration of the Organic Rankine Cycle enabled 67,555.3 kW of power generation from waste heat, showcasing the potential for energy recovery. The study concluded that coupling LNG regasification with power generation enhances energy efficiency, and it recommended further optimization of operating pressures, exploration of cold energy recovery technologies, and the minimization of environmental impacts. This research contributes to improving the operational efficiency of LNG regasification plants

Lawal, SANI LIKKO, Chemical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

This research conducted a comparative analysis of energy generation and cost efficiency using three different fuels—rice husk, LPG, and coal—to assess their suitability for heat generation in cement kiln operations. Two sets of simulations were performed using DWSim software. The first simulation maintained a constant flow rate of 10 kg/h for each fuel. The results revealed that rice husk generated 784.24 kW, LPG produced 2931.26 kW, and coal generated 1275.38 kW of energy. In the second simulation, the mass flow rates were adjusted based on an equivalent energy cost basis of ₦20,000 for each fuel type. The mass flow rates were 1000 kg/h for rice husk, 240.96 kg/h for coal, and 16.67 kg/h for LPG. This yielded heat generation of 1638.53 kW for rice husk, 23,767.6 kW for coal, and 2912.18 kW for LPG. These results indicate that coal provides the highest energy output, followed by LPG and rice husk when considering both simulations. While LPG outperformed rice husk in terms of energy efficiency, rice husk remains a viable and sustainable alternative, especially in Northern Nigeria, where it is readily available. This study highlights the trade-offs between energy efficiency, cost, and environmental sustainability when selecting alternative fuels for cement production.

Zainab Esther, BABALOLA, Accounting - Bamidele Olumilua University Of Education, Science And Technology, 2024

This study was intended to evaluate the extent to which forensic accounting can be used as a tool in fraud detection. This study was guided by the following objectives; to identify the role of a forensic accountant in an organization, to know if forensic accounting significantly reduces the occurrence of fraud in an organization, to know if there is a significant difference between professional forensic accountants and traditional external auditor. The study employed the descriptive and explanatory design; questionnaires in addition to library research were applied in order to collect data. Primary and secondary data sources were used and data was analyzed using the chi- square statistical tool at 5% level of significance which was presented in frequency tables and percentage. The respondents under the study were 150 employees of ministry of finance Ado local government council. The study majorly focuses on staff knowledge and information concerning forensic accounting. The study findings revealed that forensic accounting plays a significant role in any organization; the use of forensic accounting significantly reduces the occurrence of fraud cases in the public sector; there is a significant difference between professional forensic accountants and traditional external auditor. Based on the findings from the study, more forensic accountants should be drafted into the public sector in other to reduce fraud in the public sector.

Habib Bashir LAWAL, Electrical Engineering - Kano University of Science & Technology, Wudil, 2025

Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a transformative technology enabling energy delivery without physical connections. This review explores key WPT methods, including inductive coupling, resonant inductive coupling, capacitive coupling, microwave power transfer, and laser-based power transfer, highlighting their principles, efficiency, and applications. WPT is widely used in consumer electronics, electric vehicles, medical devices and industrial systems, offering a promising alternative to wired charging. However, challenges such as efficiency limitations, safety concerns, and distance constraints remain barriers to widespread adoption. Recent advancements, including improved efficiency, miniaturization, and integration with communication systems, are discussed, alongside emerging trends like long-distance WPT and renewable energy integration. The paper identifies critical areas for future research, such as safety protocols and economic feasibility, while emphasizing WPT’s potential for sustainable energy solutions. This review provides a concise overview of current technologies, applications, challenges, and future directions, serving as a valuable resource for researchers and policymakers in the field. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of WPT technologies, their underlying principles, and their applications across various sectors. By examining recent advancements and emerging trends, this study seeks to identify future research directions and highlight the transformative potential of WPT for sustainable energy solutions.

Zakiyya Garba, YARO, Chemical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

This study was carried out, in order to investigate the effect of NaOH concentration, for the pretreatment of rice husk for bioethanol production, using Penicillium. Rice husk, an abundant agricultural byproduct, presents significant potential as a renewable feedstock for bioethanol, a sustainable energy source. The pretreatment was conducted with NaOH concentrations of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%w/v, and the fermentation process was carried out through enzymatic hydrolysis via the Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) method. Results indicated that the 5% NaOH treatment yielded the highest bioethanol volume, while the 10% and 20% treatments produced the highest ethanol concentrations. FTIR analysis revealed that bioethanol from the 10% and 25% NaOH treatments closely matched pure ethanol, while the 0% NaOH sample showed the greatest deviation due to impurities. Variations in specific gravity, pH, and boiling point were also influenced by the NaOH concentration. These led to the conclusion that this research work demonstrates the potential for using rice husk, an agricultural waste product, for sustainable bioethanol production, contributing to renewable energy initiatives, NaOH pretreatment is suitable and effective for rice husk and it does have an effect on general production, and it significantly impacts the efficiency of bioethanol production, with moderate concentrations (5-10%) generally providing better balance between quantity and quality. It is recommended that moderate NaOH concentrations be used for efficient bioethanol production, and pretreatment and fermentation processes that minimize waste and environmental impact should be developed, especially considering the potential chemical residue from NaOH.

Kabir Nuruddeen, BULKACHUWA, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

Antibiotics are substances that are derived from various species of microorganisms and are capable of inhibiting the growth of other microorganisms when administered in small concentrations. Their use, whether appropriate or inappropriate, is considered a major factor driving the emergence, growth, and spread of antibiotic resistance. Ideally, antibiotics should be prescribed only after thorough evaluation confirms the susceptibility of the targeted microorganism(s) to the specific antimicrobial agent. It has been reported that 20–50 % of Nigerians use antibiotics inappropriately. Most research and evidence on antibiotic stewardship programs in hospitals originates from high- income countries, with the majority of published studies reflecting developed healthcare systems The aim of this research is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practice and factors associated with rational use of antibiotics among undergraduate students of ABU, Zaria.

Abdullahi Shehu, USMAN , Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

Seizure disorders are a significant public health concern among children, affecting their quality of life, cognitive development, and social interactions. Understanding the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical status, and pattern of seizure disorders is crucial for developing effective management strategies. This study aimed to determine the sociodemographic characteristics, clinical status and pattern of seizure disorders among children attending the Paediatrics clinic at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Enoch DAUDA, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

Road safety practice is a very important practice that needs to be complied with by all road users, more especially among commercial motorcyclists, who are the victims of a quarter of fatalities from road traffic accidents globally. In Nigeria, more than two thirds of all road traffic crashes involve commercial motorcyclists. Therefore, adequate and comprehensive knowledge on the road safety practices will shape and influence attitude of CMCs towards these practices and which will promote the road safety practices. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude and road safety practices among commercial motorcyclists in Tudun Wada, Zaria LGA, Kaduna State.

Muhammad Ibrahim Musa and Zakiyya Garba Yaro, Chemical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

The glucose level of tapioca starch and pure starch and the effect of enzyme variation on the glucose yield were determined using enzyme hydrolysis method. Parameters measured include the pH and glucose concentration. A total of six (6) samples were used; three (3) each from the tapioca starch and pure starch. The enzyme concentrations were 20ml, 30ml and 40ml for the two feedstocks at a constant value. When the enzyme concentration was 20ml, 30ml and 40ml the glucose yield for the tapioca starch 10.78mg/ml, 6.5.18mg/ml and 4.47mg/ml respectively; whereas the concentration of glucose for pure starch at the same enzyme concentration of 20ml, 30ml and 40ml was 4.48mg/ml, 4.47mg/ml and 3.69mg/ml respectively. The pH slightly increased with increase in enzyme concentration. Tapioca starch yielded a substantial amount of glucose with adequate amount of enzyme, although slightly lower than that of the pure starch. Hence, tapioca starch can be used to make glucose syrup that could be used as food additives and pharmaceutical industries.

Ibrahim Suleman, BAKO, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

Every year, 130 million babies are born worldwide, and 4 million of them pass away in the first four weeks of life. The global neonatal mortality rate is 18, in Africa it is 26.7 and in Nigeria, it is 34 per 1000 live births as of January 2025. Because of the high prevalence of unsanitary cord care procedures, most neonatal deaths 99% occur in low income and middle-income countries. There are relatively fewer studies regarding knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers towards newborn care in Nigeria. The aim of this research is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of umbilical cord care for babies among nursing mothers in Magume community Zaria, Kaduna state.

Salma Muhammad Kabir, Chemical Engineering - Ahmadu Bello University, 2024

The synthesize of bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) resins from waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles presents a promising avenue for recycling and sustainability. This study focuses on the chemical recycling of PET bottles, converting them into valuable BHET resins through a glycolysis process. Waste PET bottles were collected, depolymerized using ethylene glycol, producing bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET).The synthesis process was optimized by using six different catalysts (NaOH, Spent FCC, Ammonia, Activated Carbon, Kaolin and DES) to achieve the highest yield and optimal resin properties. Characterization of the synthesized BHET was carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the functional group which was then compared with commercial bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET). The physical properties of the synthesized bis (2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) such as density, viscosity and kinematic viscosity were evaluated. Two out of the six catalysts (NaOH and Spent FCC) yielded 13.3 % and 5 % BHET respectively. This was confirmed by FTIR results comparison with commercial BHET which revealed similar functional group peaks. NaOH was found to be the best catalyst for BHET production, with highest yield conversion 94.4 %. Density, viscosity and kinematic viscosity of resulting BHET from NaOH were 1.27 gcm-3, 10.5 Pa.s and 0.11 m2 /s respectively. The results indicate that the BHET synthesized from waste PET bottles exhibits desirable properties for various industrial applications, such as coatings, adhesives, and composite materials. Additionally, it portrays the environmental impact of the recycling process, highlighting the reduction in carbon footprint and energy consumption compared to traditional disposal methods. This study demonstrates the feasibility of converting waste PET into high-value materials, contributing to waste reduction and resource conservation.

Maryam Umar Abulfathi, Human Physiology - Ahmadu Bello University, 2021

Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality both in developing and developed countries, but about 21% of patients with diabetes develop neuropathy. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of nicotinamide on serum electrolytes in Alloxan-induced diabetic neuropathic Wistar rats. A total of about thirty six (36) apparently healthy male Wistar rats weighing 100-150g were divided into six experimental groups (n = 6). Group I normal control group (0.1ml of water), group II standard control group (received Glibenclamide 5mg/kg), group III negative control ( received 500mg Nicotinamide) and group IV treatment group (received 1000mg Nicotinamide), Analysis for serum electrolytes after treatment was done by calorimetric method. The result for the serum electrolytes after treatment shows a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in serum sodium level, significant decrease( p < 0.05) In serum potassium level, significant decrease (p <0.05) in chloride level and also significant decrease ( p< 0.05) in serum bicarbonates level when all compare to diabetic (negative) control group. Nicotinamide may be useful in improving the clinical benefit for serum electrolytes changes excluding sodium in diabetes.

Olubodun David Toluwabori, Chemistry - Obafemi Awolowo University, 2024

This study focused on investigating dapsone and its schiff bases as potential antibiotic agents. Oseltamivir is a well-established antibiotic drug used to treat leprosy. However, research on its schiff bases derivatives is limited. This study aimed to characterize these derivatives in terms of their properties and potential as antibiotic agents. A series of ten schiff bases of dapsone were computationally designed and subjected to in-depth analysis. These derivatives were evaluated across multiple parameters including physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic behavior, toxicological profile, and potential interactions with a biological target. To achieve this, computational methodologies were employed. Computational studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of the schiff bases of dapsone as drug candidates. The compounds' electronic properties and reactivity were assessed using the Spartan'14 software package. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level were employed for further refinement. Drug-likeness was evaluated based on Lipinski's Rule of Five, while ADMET properties and toxicity profiles were predicted using computational tools. Molecular docking simulations against reductase (PDB ID: 1zid) were performed to assess the compounds' potential as antibiotic agents. Several derivatives exhibited promising drug-like properties, acceptable toxicity profiles, and favorable binding affinities to the target protein, suggesting their potential as lead compounds for further development. Physicochemical properties including partition coefficient (logP), total energy, dipole moment, and polarizability were computed for the compounds. Pharmacokinetic properties, encompassing absorption (HIA), distribution (including skin permeability and plasma protein binding), metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, were predicted using the Pre-ADMET online platform. Additionally, toxicity endpoints such as LC50 were estimated using the T.E.S.T 4.2 software. This comprehensive approach enabled the identification of key structural features influencing the compounds' behavior and provided insights into their suitability as drug candidates.

Luqman Abdulmumin, Community Medicine - Ahmadu Bello University, 2025

Female genital mutilation and cutting (FGM) describes procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. The prevalence of FGM in Nigeria, according to the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey, was 20% as of 2018. This practice carries a lot of health and economic consequences. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of FGM among residents of Maraban Guga community. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select the wards. Selection of houses was done using systemic random sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using SPSS. A total of 106 women of reproductive age participated in the study, with a 100% response rate and a mean age of 29 years. Findings reveal that 57.5% of the participants have undergone FGM, 45.3% have practiced it on their daughters, 71.7% have poor knowledge, and 66% have a positive attitude towards FGM; 51.9% of the respondents intend to continue the practice. A significant association was noted between the respondent’s level of education, knowledge, and practice of FGM, as well as between respondents’ FGM status and intention to practice it on future daughters. The study revealed that the prevalence of FGM is high in Maraban-Guga, with a large proportion of participants still willing to subject their future daughters to it. Targeted interventions aimed at addressing wrong beliefs and attitudes regarding the sexual, health, or socio-cultural benefits of FGM and improved public legislation against FGM are recommended.

Maryam Daud, Human Anatomy - Bayero University, Kano, 2025

This study investigates the relationship between occipito frontal circumference (OFC) and ponderal index (PI) with maternal age and parity among neonates. The study was conducted in three hospitals in Kano which are; murtala Muhammad specialist hospital, Muhammad Abdullah Wase teaching hospital and hasiya bayero pediatrics. The aim was to determine how maternal factors such as age and number of children (i.e parity) influence neonatal Anthropometric indices in particular OFC and PI. A total of 150 neonates and their mothers were used in this cross sectional study. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the mean values of OFC and PI which were found to be 32.690cm and 2.643g/cm³ respectively. Pearson's coefficient of correlation was used to determine the relationship between maternal age, OFC and PI. The r-value between maternal age and OFC was found to be 0.399 with p<0.01 which shows a moderate positive correlation which is statistically significant while the r-value between maternal age and PI was found to be 0.273 with p<0.05 which shows a weak yet positive correlation which is statistically significant. Furthermore, student t-test was used to determine the relationship between OFC and PI across different parity groups. It was observed that neonates born to mothers with higher parity had a significantly larger mean OFC (33.58cm) compared to those with low parity(32.18cm) with p<0.05 while the mean PI did not differ significantly between the two groups (p> 0.05).