Shukurah Omowunmi ABDULKAREEM, Public Health - Kwara State University, 2020

Sawmill workers in Nigeria are exposed to numerous hazards and are at risk of various health problems. This necessitates an urgent need for occupational risk assessment and risk control measures that will ameliorate health status of concern individual.

Islamiyyat Olabisi SALIMON, Environmental Management and Toxicology - Kwara State University, 2023

The study examined the air parameters which are PM2.5 PM10, and TVOC. Evaluation of air quality monitoring data demonstrated that all emissions from charcoal kilns exceeded the prescribed limit during production as stipulated by WHO (1995). Charcoal production is found to contribute to the high levels of PM2.5 PM10, and TVOC. The charcoal workers who work within close proximity to charcoal kilns are subjected to high emissions generating a potential health risk. Traditional charcoal kilns use highly inefficient technology and release significant amounts of air emissions. Based on the empirically reviewed work, the study concludes that charcoal production has significant effect on air quality. Priority should be given to the establishment of air monitoring stations in all urban centers of the country in order to provide accurate and continuous information on air quality. The study therefore recommended that adoption of efficient modern charcoal p

Oluwatimileyin Odunogo ADEDOTUN, Public Health - Kwara State University, 2020

Associations between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) have been consistently observed, but remain poorly understood. One unresolved question is whether there is a linear relationship across the entire BMI range (Halsted, 2001). Epidemiological investigations have been hindered by several factors. The association, however consistent, is rather modest in magnitude, and large sample sizes are therefore required in order to make estimates with any degree of certainty. Furthermore, the use of BMI has been questioned because percent body fat, absolute fat mass and body-fat distribution, or other relevant biological quantities, may not be linearly related to BMI across the entire range of possible values or across different population subgroups. Finally, the effect of treatment in many populations truncates the distribution of blood pressures and therefore reduces the correlation that would be observed between BMI and blood pressure in untreated settings. (Lee, et al. 2011).

Segun Elegbede and Rasheed Ibrahim, Biochemistry - Kwara State University, 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia resulting from a defect in insulin action, insulin secretion or both. Free radical and oxidative stress generated in hyperglycaemic state induce various diabetic complications. Betaine (glycine betaine or trimethylglycine) is one of naturally occurring antioxidants which can acts as an osmolyte or as a methyl donor. This study was design to evaluate the antioxidant Activity of Betaine In the Kidney Of High Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. A total of 25 wistar rats were used in this study. All animal except the control rats were induced with diabetes mellitus using High fat diet and a single intraperitoneal injection of 35mg/kg body weight of streptozotocin freshly prepared in 0.1M citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Hyperglycaemia was confirmed 48 hours after induction and treatments commenced by oral administration using an intubator as follows; Control (Group 1) and diabetic untreated (Group 2) were administered 1ml of distilled water, Group 3,4 and 5 were administered 14.3 mg/kg body weight of metformin, 25 and 50mg/kg body weight of betaine respectively. Administration lasted for a week during which blood glucose level was checked every 72hrs. The animals were thereafter sacrificed by jugular puncture under anaesthesia by diethyl ether, the kidney was collected by abdominal incision and the homogenate was prepared. Biochemical parameters were assayed using standard methods. The activities of Catalase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-s-transferase, Glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione concentration which were significantly (p≤0.05) reduced was reversed by treatments with betaine at 25 and 50mg/kg body weight respectively. The result obtained from this study indicated that betaine at 25mg/kg body weight possesses antioxidant activity and can be used to manage oxidative stress in diabetic state

Oyinkansola Okeowo and Emmanuel Ajani, Biochemistry - Kwara State University, 2024

Parkia biglobosa (African Locust Bean stem back) has been reported to possess various bioactivecompounds, including antioxidants, antimicrobials, and anti- inflammatory agents. These properties make it a potential candidate for protecting cardiac injury . This Study investigated the effect of Parka biglobossa ethanolic stem bark on cardiac injury in L-Nitro arginine methyl ester-administered rats. The dried stem bark of Parkia biglobossa was extracted by maceration in ethanol. The filtrates were lyophilized and used for in-vivo study. Forty eight rats were randomly assigned into 6 groups of 8 rats each: normal control, model, positive, prevention, treatment and recovery group. L-NAME was used to induce hypertension to the rats, lisinopril, and ethanolic extract were administered orally. The rats were humanely sacrificed using diethyl ether anaesthetization. Hearts were extracted via stomach incision. mashed with mortal and pestle then centrifuged at 3000rpm for 15 minutes. cardiac biomarkers, including Serum Total Cholesterol, Serum Triglycerides, Creatine kinase-MB, Serum lactate dehydrogenase activities All results were presented as the mean+standard error of mean (SEM) for all animals in each groups. The statistical results were evaluated using one way ANOVA followed by post-hoc analysis using duncan multiple comparism test using Graphpad Prism software version 8.0.2. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. also determined; Heart: body weight ratio and Histology. The results showed that the African locust bean may have cardiac and hypertensive properties in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats by mitigating hypertension caused by L-NAME as well as a significant increased in the biomarkers.